login.defs(5)

НАЗВАНИЕ
login.defs - содержит конфигурацию подсистемы теневых паролей

ОПИСАНИЕ

The /etc/login.defs file defines the site-specific configuration for the shadow password suite. This file is required. Absence of this file will not prevent system operation, but will probably result in undesirable operation.

Файл представляет собой обычный текстовый файл; каждая строка описывает один параметр настройки. Строки состоят из названия параметра и его значения, которые разделяются пробельным символом. Пустые строки и комментарии игнорируются. Комментарии начинаются со знака фунта «#», который должен быть первым непробельным символом в строке.

Parameter values may be of four types: strings, booleans, numbers, and long numbers. A string is comprised of any printable characters. A boolean should be either the value yes or no. An undefined boolean parameter or one with a value other than these will be given a no value. Numbers (both regular and long) may be either decimal values, octal values (precede the value with 0) or hexadecimal values (precede the value with 0x). The maximum value of the regular and long numeric parameters is machine-dependent.

This configuration file controls the behavior of system tools for user and group management. The parameters may be used by shadow-utils programs, PAM modules, and other system components. The actual behavior depends on the system configuration and which authentication mechanisms are enabled.

Возможны следующие параметры настройки:

CHFN_AUTH (boolean)
    If yes, the chfn program will require authentication before making any changes, unless run by the superuser.

CHFN_RESTRICT (string)
    This parameter specifies which values in the gecos field of the /etc/passwd file may be changed by regular users using the chfn program. It can be any combination of letters f, r, w, h, for Full name, Room number, Work phone, and Home phone, respectively. For backward compatibility, yes is equivalent to rwh and no is equivalent to frwh. If not specified, only the superuser can make any changes. The most restrictive setting is better achieved by not installing chfn SUID.

CHSH_AUTH (boolean)
    If yes, the chsh program will require authentication before making any changes, unless run by the superuser.

CONSOLE (string)
    Если определена, то значение равно или полному пути к файлу с именами устройств (одно на строку), или списку имён устройств, перечисленных через «:». Вход суперпользователя будет разрешён только с этих устройств.

    Если не определена, то суперпользователь может входить в систему с любого устройства.

    Устройства должны указываться без начального префикса /dev/.

CONSOLE_GROUPS (string)
    List of groups to add to the user's supplementary groups set when logging in on the console (as determined by the CONSOLE setting). Default is none. Use with caution - it is possible for users to gain permanent access to these groups, even when not logged in on the console.

CREATE_HOME (boolean)
    Определяет, должен ли создаваться по умолчанию домашний каталог для новых пользователей.

    Эта переменная не влияет на системных пользователей и может быть переопределена из командной строки.

DEFAULT_HOME (boolean)
    Определяет, можно ли войти в систему, если нельзя выполнить cd в домашний каталог. По умолчанию «no».

    If set to yes, the user will login in the root (/) directory if it is not possible to cd to her home directory.

ENCRYPT_METHOD (string)
    This defines the system default encryption algorithm for encrypting passwords (if no algorithm is specified on the command line).

    It can take one of these values: SHA256, SHA512 (default), . See crypt(5) for recommendations.

    History: This variable is used by other programs, which may still default to unsafe algorithms such as DES. To avoid using unsafe algorithms, the variable should always be specified.

ENV_HZ (string)
    If set, it will be used to define the HZ environment variable when a user login. The value must be preceded by HZ=. A common value on Linux is HZ=100.

ENV_PATH (string)
    If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when a regular user login. The value is a colon separated list of paths (for example /bin:/usr/bin) and can be preceded by PATH=. The default value is PATH=/bin:/usr/bin.

ENV_SUPATH (string)
    If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when the superuser login. The value is a colon separated list of paths (for example /sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin) and can be preceded by PATH=. The default value is PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin.

ENV_TZ (string)
    If set, it will be used to define the TZ environment variable when a user login. The value can be the name of a timezone preceded by TZ= (for example TZ=CST6CDT), or the full path to the file containing the timezone specification (for example /etc/tzname).

    If a full path is specified but the file does not exist or cannot be read, the default is to use TZ=CST6CDT.

ENVIRON_FILE (string)
    Если этот файл существует и доступ для чтения, то из него читает регистрационное окружение. Каждая строка должна иметь формат: имя=значение.

    Строки, начинающиеся с #, считаются комментарием и игнорируются.

ERASECHAR (number)
    Terminal ERASE character (010 = backspace, 0177 = DEL).

    Значение может начинаться с «0» при указании значения в восьмеричной системе счисления или «0x» при указании значения в шестнадцатеричной системе счисления.

FAIL_DELAY (number)
    Задержка в секундах перед повторной попыткой после неудачного входа.

FAILLOG_ENAB (boolean)
    Enable logging and display of /var/log/faillog login failure info.

FAKE_SHELL (string)
    If set, login will execute this shell instead of the users' shell specified in /etc/passwd.

FTMP_FILE (string)
    Если определена, то неудачные попытки входа будут протоколироваться в этот файл в формате utmp.

GID_MAX (number), GID_MIN (number)
    Range of group IDs used for the creation of regular groups by useradd, groupadd, or newusers.

    The default value for GID_MIN (resp. GID_MAX) is 1000 (resp. 60000).

HMAC_CRYPTO_ALGO (string)
    Used to select the HMAC cryptography algorithm that the pam_timestamp module is going to use to calculate the keyed-hash message authentication code.

    Note: check hmac(3) to see the possible algorithms that are available in your system.

HOME_MODE (number)
    The mode for new home directories. If not specified, the UMASK is used to create the mode.

    useradd and newusers use this to set the mode of the home directory they create.

HUSHLOGIN_FILE (string)
    Если определена, то этот файл может заблокировать все обычные переговоры (chatter) при входе. Если указан полный путь к файлу, то будет включён сокращённый (hushed) режим, если в этом файле указано имя пользователя или оболочка. Если указан не полный путь, то будет включён сокращённый (hushed) режим, если файл находится в домашнем каталоге пользователя.

ISSUE_FILE (string)
    Если определена, то этот файл будет показан перед каждым появлением приглашения на вход.

KILLCHAR (number)
    Terminal KILL character (025 = CTRL/U).

    Значение может начинаться с «0» при указании значения в восьмеричной системе счисления или «0x» при указании значения в шестнадцатеричной системе счисления.

LASTLOG_ENAB (boolean)
    Включить протоколирование и показ информации о времени входа из /var/log/lastlog.

LASTLOG_UID_MAX (number)
    Highest user ID number for which the lastlog entries should be updated. As higher user IDs are usually tracked by remote user identity and authentication services there is no need to create a huge sparse lastlog file for them.

    No LASTLOG_UID_MAX option present in the configuration means that there is no user ID limit for writing lastlog entries.

LOG_OK_LOGINS (boolean)
    Включить протоколирование успешных входов.

LOG_UNKFAIL_ENAB (boolean)
    Включить показ неизвестных имён пользователей при записи неудачных попыток входа.

    Замечание: протоколирование неизвестных имён пользователя может привести к проблемам с безопасностью, если пользователь введёт свой пароль вместо своего имени.

LOGIN_RETRIES (number)
    Максимальное количество попыток входа при вводе неверного пароля.

LOGIN_STRING (string)
    Строка-приглашение к вводу пароля. Значение по умолчанию: «Password:» или перевод этой строки на разные языки. Если вы измените эту переменную, то перевод будет отсутствовать.

    If the string contains %s, this will be replaced by the user's name.

LOGIN_TIMEOUT (number)
    Максимальное время в секундах, отведённое на вход.

MAIL_CHECK_ENAB (boolean)
    Включает проверку и показ состояния почтового ящика при входе.

    Вы должны выключить это, если почтовый ящик проверяется из файлов автозапуска оболочки («mailx -e» или похожей командой).

MAIL_DIR (string)
    The mail spool directory. This is needed to manipulate the mailbox when its corresponding user account is modified or deleted. If not specified, a compile-time default is used. The parameter CREATE_MAIL_SPOOL in /etc/default/useradd determines whether the mail spool should be created.

MAIL_FILE (string)
    Определяет расположение почтовых файлов пользователя относительно домашнего каталога.

The MAIL_DIR and MAIL_FILE variables are used by useradd, usermod, and userdel to create, move, or delete the user's mail spool.

If MAIL_CHECK_ENAB is set to yes, they are also used to define the MAIL environment variable.

MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP (number)
    Maximum members per group entry. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group (with the same name, same password, and same GID).

    Значение по умолчанию равно 0, означающее, что ограничения на количество членов в группе нет.

    Данная возможность (разделение группы) позволяет ограничить длину строк в файле групп. Это полезно для ограничения длины строк групп NIS в 1024 символа.

    Если вам нужно такое ограничение, укажите значение 25.

    Замечание: разделение групп поддерживается не всеми инструментами (даже в наборе инструментов Shadow). Вы не должны использовать эту переменную, если вам действительно это ненужно.

MOTD_FILE (string)
    Если определена, то при входе будет показано «сообщение дня» из файла со списком значений, разделённых «:».

NOLOGINS_FILE (string)
    Если определена, значение равно имени файла, чьё существование запретит вход для не суперпользователей. В файле должно содержаться сообщение, описывающее почему запрещён вход.

NONEXISTENT (string)
    If a system account intentionally does not have a home directory that exists, this string can be provided in the /etc/passwd entry for the account to indicate this. The result is that pwck will not emit a spurious warning for this account.

OBSCURE_CHECKS_ENAB (boolean)
    Включает дополнительные проверки при смене пароля.

PASS_ALWAYS_WARN (boolean)
    Предупреждать о слабых паролях (но разрешать их использовать) для суперпользователя.

PASS_CHANGE_TRIES (number)
    Максимальное количество попыток смены пароля (слишком простого) при непрохождении проверки.

PASS_MAX_DAYS (number)
    Максимальное число дней использования пароля. Если пароль старее этого числа, то будет запущена процедура смены пароля. Если значение не задано, то предполагается значение -1 (то есть возможность ограничения не используется).

PASS_WARN_AGE (number)
    The number of days warning given before a password expires. A zero means warning is given only upon the day of expiration, a value of -1 means no warning is given. If not specified, no warning will be provided.

PASS_MAX_DAYS, and PASS_WARN_AGE are only used at the time of account creation. Any changes to these settings won't affect existing accounts.

PASS_MIN_LEN (number)
    Minimum allowed length of a password.

PORTTIME_CHECKS_ENAB (boolean)
    Enable checking of time restrictions specified in /etc/porttime.

QUOTAS_ENAB (boolean)
    Enable setting of resource limits from /etc/limits and ulimit, umask, and niceness from the user's passwd gecos field.

SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS (number), SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS (number)
    When ENCRYPT_METHOD is set to SHA256 or SHA512, this defines the number of SHA rounds used by the encryption algorithm by default (when the number of rounds is not specified on the command line).

    With a lot of rounds, it is more difficult to brute force the password. But note also that more CPU resources will be needed to authenticate users.

    If not specified, the libc will choose the default number of rounds (5000), which is orders of magnitude too low for modern hardware.

    Значения должны лежать в диапазоне 1000-999999999.

    If only one of the SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS or SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS values is set, then this value will be used.

    If SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS > SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS, the highest value will be used.

SULOG_FILE (string)
    Если определена, то любая активность su будет протоколироваться в этот файл.

SU_NAME (string)
    Если определена, то выводится имя команды когда работает «su -». Например, если значение равно «su», то «ps» покажет команду как «-su». Если не определена, то «ps» покажет имя запускаемой оболочки например как «-sh».

SU_WHEEL_ONLY (boolean)
    If yes, the user must be listed as a member of the first gid 0 group in /etc/group (called root on most Linux systems) to be able to su to uid 0 accounts. If the group doesn't exist or is empty, no one will be able to su to uid 0.

SUB_GID_MIN (number), SUB_GID_MAX (number), SUB_GID_COUNT (number)
    If /etc/subuid exists, the commands useradd and newusers (unless the user already have subordinate group IDs) allocate SUB_GID_COUNT unused group IDs from the range SUB_GID_MIN to SUB_GID_MAX for each new user.

    The default values for SUB_GID_MIN, SUB_GID_MAX, SUB_GID_COUNT are respectively 100000, 600100000 and 65536.

SUB_GID_DETERMINISTIC (boolean)
    If set to yes, the commands useradd, usermod, and newusers will calculate subordinate GID ranges deterministically based on the user's UID instead of searching for the next free range. The formula used is:

              start = SUB_GID_MIN + ((UID - UID_MIN) * SUB_GID_COUNT)
              end   = start + SUB_GID_COUNT - 1

    This ensures the same UID always receives the same subordinate GID range on every system, making it suitable for environments with centralized user management (LDAP, NIS, etc.) or synchronized UIDs across systems.

    If SUB_GID_DETERMINISTIC is enabled, you can use usermod --add-subgids -S to produce deterministic subgids.

    WARNING: Because UID_MIN is used to calculate the ranges, any change of UID_MIN will change the ranges calculated. SUB_GID_COUNT is used to calculate the ranges, any change of SUB_GID_COUNT will change the ranges calculated. Users with identities less than UID_MIN are incompatible with SUB_GID_DETERMINISTIC, but can still be set manually.

    WARNING: Do not mix deterministic and linear (default) allocation on the same system or across systems sharing /etc/subgid via network storage (NFS, etc.). Mixing allocation methods will cause subordinate ID range conflicts and overlaps .

    The default value for SUB_GID_DETERMINISTIC is no.

  Range Calculation Examples
With default configuration (UID_MIN=1000, SUB_GID_MIN=100000, SUB_GID_COUNT=65536):
UID | Calculation | Subordinate GID Range
1000 | 100000 + ((1000-1000) * 65536) | 100000-165535
1001 | 100000 + ((1001-1000) * 65536) | 165536-231071
1002 | 100000 + ((1002-1000) * 65536) | 231072-296607
1100 | 100000 + ((1100-1000) * 65536) | 6653600-6719135

  Subordinate ID Space Planning
When planning subordinate ID allocation, calculate the maximum number of users the space can accommodate:

          capacity = (SUB_GID_MAX - SUB_GID_MIN) / SUB_GID_COUNT

With default values: (600100000 - 100000) / 65536 ≈ 9155 users.

For high-density environments with many users and smaller allocations:

            SUB_GID_COUNT  4096
            SUB_GID_MIN    100000
            SUB_GID_MAX    10000000

This gives: (10000000 - 100000) / 4096 ≈ 2417 users.

UNSAFE_SUB_GID_DETERMINISTIC_WRAP (boolean)
    WARNING: SECURITY RISK - MAY CAUSE RANGE OVERLAPS AND PRIVILEGE ESCALATION!

    Only effective when SUB_GID_DETERMINISTIC is set to yes.

    When set to yes (WRAP MODE), allows the deterministic range calculation to wrap around using modulo arithmetic when a UID would overflow the configured subordinate ID space. The subordinate ID space is treated as a ring buffer.

    WARNING: Range overlaps can lead to container escapes and privilege escalation. For example, with SUB_GID_MIN=100000, SUB_GID_MAX=200000, SUB_GID_COUNT=65536, User A (UID 1000) gets range [100000, 165535] and User B (UID 1001) wraps and overlaps with User A. User B's container can now access files from User A's containers.

    Use only in development, testing, or tightly constrained lab environments.

    When set to no (default), any arithmetic overflow or range exceeding SUB_GID_MAX is a hard error. This guarantees non-overlapping, monotonic allocation.

    The default value for UNSAFE_SUB_GID_DETERMINISTIC_WRAP is no.

SUB_GID_STORE_BY_UID (boolean)
    If set to yes, subordinate group ID entries in /etc/subgid are stored using the numeric user ID rather than the username. The default value is no.

SUB_UID_MIN (number), SUB_UID_MAX (number), SUB_UID_COUNT (number)
    If /etc/subuid exists, the commands useradd and newusers (unless the user already have subordinate user IDs) allocate SUB_UID_COUNT unused user IDs from the range SUB_UID_MIN to SUB_UID_MAX for each new user.

    The default values for SUB_UID_MIN, SUB_UID_MAX, SUB_UID_COUNT are respectively 100000, 600100000 and 65536.

SUB_UID_DETERMINISTIC (boolean)
    If set to yes, the commands useradd, usermod, and newusers will calculate subordinate UID ranges deterministically based on the user's UID instead of searching for the next free range. The formula used is:

              start = SUB_UID_MIN + ((UID - UID_MIN) * SUB_UID_COUNT)
              end   = start + SUB_UID_COUNT - 1

    This ensures the same UID always receives the same subordinate UID range on every system, making it suitable for environments with centralized user management (LDAP, NIS, etc.) or synchronized UIDs across systems.

    If SUB_UID_DETERMINISTIC is enabled, you can use usermod --add-subuids -S to produce deterministic subuids.

    WARNING: Because UID_MIN is used to calculate the ranges, any change of UID_MIN will change the ranges calculated. SUB_UID_COUNT is used to calculate the ranges, any change of SUB_UID_COUNT will change the ranges calculated. Users with identities less than UID_MIN are incompatible with SUB_UID_DETERMINISTIC, but can still be set manually.

    WARNING: Do not mix deterministic and linear (default) allocation on the same system or across systems sharing /etc/subuid via network storage (NFS, etc.). Mixing allocation methods will cause subordinate ID range conflicts and overlaps .

    The default value for SUB_UID_DETERMINISTIC is no.

  Range Calculation Examples
With default configuration (UID_MIN=1000, SUB_UID_MIN=100000, SUB_UID_COUNT=65536):
UID | Calculation | Subordinate UID Range
1000 | 100000 + ((1000-1000) * 65536) | 100000-165535
1001 | 100000 + ((1001-1000) * 65536) | 165536-231071
1002 | 100000 + ((1002-1000) * 65536) | 231072-296607
1100 | 100000 + ((1100-1000) * 65536) | 6653600-6719135

  Subordinate ID Space Planning
When planning subordinate ID allocation, calculate the maximum number of users the space can accommodate:

          capacity = (SUB_UID_MAX - SUB_UID_MIN) / SUB_UID_COUNT

With default values: (600100000 - 100000) / 65536 ≈ 9155 users.

For high-density environments with many users and smaller allocations:

            SUB_UID_COUNT  4096
            SUB_UID_MIN    100000
            SUB_UID_MAX    10000000

This gives: (10000000 - 100000) / 4096 ≈ 2417 users.

UNSAFE_SUB_UID_DETERMINISTIC_WRAP (boolean)
    WARNING: SECURITY RISK - MAY CAUSE RANGE OVERLAPS AND PRIVILEGE ESCALATION!

    Only effective when SUB_UID_DETERMINISTIC is set to yes.

    When set to yes (WRAP MODE), allows the deterministic range calculation to wrap around using modulo arithmetic when a UID would overflow the configured subordinate ID space. The subordinate ID space is treated as a ring buffer.

    WARNING: Range overlaps can lead to container escapes and privilege escalation. For example, with SUB_UID_MIN=100000, SUB_UID_MAX=200000, SUB_UID_COUNT=65536, User A (UID 1000) gets range [100000, 165535] and User B (UID 1001) wraps and overlaps with User A. User B's container can now access files from User A's containers.

    Use only in development, testing, or tightly constrained lab environments.

    When set to no (default), any arithmetic overflow or range exceeding SUB_UID_MAX is a hard error. This guarantees non-overlapping, monotonic allocation.

    The default value for UNSAFE_SUB_UID_DETERMINISTIC_WRAP is no.

SUB_UID_STORE_BY_UID (boolean)
    If set to yes, subordinate user ID entries in /etc/subuid are stored using the numeric user ID rather than the username. The default value is no.

SYS_GID_MAX (number), SYS_GID_MIN (number)
    Range of group IDs used for the creation of system groups by useradd, groupadd, or newusers.

    The default value for SYS_GID_MIN (resp. SYS_GID_MAX) is 101 (resp. GID_MIN-1).

SYS_UID_MAX (number), SYS_UID_MIN (number)
    Range of user IDs used for the creation of system users by useradd or newusers.

    The default value for SYS_UID_MIN (resp. SYS_UID_MAX) is 101 (resp. UID_MIN-1).

SYSLOG_SG_ENAB (boolean)
    Enable "syslog" logging of sg activity.

SYSLOG_SU_ENAB (boolean)
    Enable "syslog" logging of su activity - in addition to sulog file logging.

TTYGROUP (string), TTYPERM (number)
    The terminal permissions: the login tty will be owned by the TTYGROUP group, and the permissions will be set to TTYPERM.

    TTYGROUP can be either the name of a group or a numeric group identifier.

    If TTYGROUP is not defined, then the group ownership of the terminal is set to the user's primary group. If TTYPERM is not defined, then the permissions are set to 0600.

    If you have a write program which is "setgid" to a special group which owns the terminals, define TTYGROUP to the group number and TTYPERM to 0620. Otherwise leave TTYGROUP commented out and assign TTYPERM to either 622 or 600.

TTYTYPE_FILE (string)
    Если определена, то в ней указывается имя файла, в котором описано соответствие между линией tty и параметром окружения TERM. Каждая строка файла имеет формат вида «vt100 tty01».

UID_MAX (number), UID_MIN (number)
    Range of user IDs used for the creation of regular users by useradd or newusers.

    The default value for UID_MIN (resp. UID_MAX) is 1000 (resp. 60000).

ULIMIT (number)
    Default ulimit value.

UMASK (number)
    Задаёт начальное значение маски доступа для создаваемых файлов. Если не указано, то маска устанавливается в 022.

    useradd and newusers use this mask to set the mode of the home directory they create if HOME_MODE is not set.

    It is also used by login to define users' initial umask. Note that this mask can be overridden by the user's GECOS line (if QUOTAS_ENAB is set) or by the specification of a limit with the K identifier in limits(5).

USERDEL_CMD (string)
    Определяет программу, которая будет запущена при удалении пользователя. Она должна удалять любые задания at/cron/печати удаляемого пользователя (передаётся в качестве первого аргумента).

    Возвращаемый сценарием код завершения не учитывается.

    Here is an example script, which removes the user's cron, at and print jobs:

        #! /bin/sh
        # Check for the required argument.
        if [ $# != 1 ]; then
        	echo "Usage: $0 username"
        	exit 1
        fi
        # Remove cron jobs.
        crontab -r -u $1
        # Remove at jobs.
        # Note that it will remove any jobs owned by the same UID,
        # even if it was shared by a different username.
        AT_SPOOL_DIR=/var/spool/cron/atjobs
        find $AT_SPOOL_DIR -name "[^.]*" -type f -user $1 -delete \;
        # Remove print jobs.
        lprm $1
        # All done.
        exit 0

USERGROUPS_ENAB (boolean)
    Включает установку группы битов umask равной битам владельца (пример: 022 -> 002, 077 -> 007) для не суперпользователей, если uid равен gid и имя пользователя совпадает с именем первичной группы.

    If set to yes, userdel will remove the user's group if it contains no more members, and useradd will create by default a group with the name of the user.

ПЕРЕКРЁСТНЫЕ ССЫЛКИ

Следующие перекрёстные ссылки отражают связь между программами и их параметрам из набора для работы с теневыми паролями.

chfn
    CHFN_AUTH CHFN_RESTRICT LOGIN_STRING

chgpasswd
    ENCRYPT_METHOD MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS

chpasswd
    ENCRYPT_METHOD SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS

chsh
    CHSH_AUTH LOGIN_STRING

gpasswd
    ENCRYPT_METHOD MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS

groupadd
    GID_MAX GID_MIN MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP SYS_GID_MAX SYS_GID_MIN

groupdel
    MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP

groupmod
    MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP

grpck
    MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP

grpconv
    MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP

grpunconv
    MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP

lastlog
    LASTLOG_UID_MAX

login
    CONSOLE CONSOLE_GROUPS DEFAULT_HOME ENV_HZ ENV_PATH ENV_SUPATH ENV_TZ ENVIRON_FILE ERASECHAR FAIL_DELAY FAILLOG_ENAB FAKE_SHELL FTMP_FILE HUSHLOGIN_FILE ISSUE_FILE KILLCHAR LASTLOG_ENAB LASTLOG_UID_MAX LOGIN_RETRIES LOGIN_STRING LOGIN_TIMEOUT LOG_OK_LOGINS LOG_UNKFAIL_ENAB MAIL_CHECK_ENAB MAIL_DIR MAIL_FILE MOTD_FILE NOLOGINS_FILE PORTTIME_CHECKS_ENAB QUOTAS_ENAB TTYGROUP TTYPERM TTYTYPE_FILE ULIMIT UMASK USERGROUPS_ENAB

newgrp / sg
    SYSLOG_SG_ENAB

newusers
    ENCRYPT_METHOD GID_MAX GID_MIN MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP HOME_MODE PASS_MAX_DAYS PASS_WARN_AGE SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS SUB_GID_COUNT SUB_GID_MAX SUB_GID_MIN SUB_GID_DETERMINISTIC SUB_GID_STORE_BY_UID SUB_UID_COUNT SUB_UID_MAX SUB_UID_MIN SUB_UID_DETERMINISTIC SUB_UID_STORE_BY_UID SYS_GID_MAX SYS_GID_MIN SYS_UID_MAX SYS_UID_MIN UID_MAX UID_MIN UMASK UNSAFE_SUB_GID_DETERMINISTIC_WRAP UNSAFE_SUB_UID_DETERMINISTIC_WRAP

passwd
    ENCRYPT_METHOD OBSCURE_CHECKS_ENAB PASS_ALWAYS_WARN PASS_CHANGE_TRIES PASS_MIN_LEN SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS

pwck
    PASS_MAX_DAYS PASS_WARN_AGE

pwconv
    PASS_MAX_DAYS PASS_WARN_AGE

su
    CONSOLE CONSOLE_GROUPS DEFAULT_HOME ENV_HZ ENVIRON_FILE ENV_PATH ENV_SUPATH ENV_TZ LOGIN_STRING MAIL_CHECK_ENAB MAIL_DIR MAIL_FILE QUOTAS_ENAB SULOG_FILE SU_NAME SU_WHEEL_ONLY SYSLOG_SU_ENAB USERGROUPS_ENAB

sulogin
    ENV_HZ ENV_TZ

useradd
    CREATE_HOME GID_MAX GID_MIN HOME_MODE LASTLOG_UID_MAX MAIL_DIR MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP PASS_MAX_DAYS PASS_WARN_AGE SUB_GID_COUNT SUB_GID_MAX SUB_GID_MIN SUB_GID_DETERMINISTIC SUB_GID_STORE_BY_UID SUB_UID_COUNT SUB_UID_MAX SUB_UID_MIN SUB_UID_DETERMINISTIC SUB_UID_STORE_BY_UID SYS_GID_MAX SYS_GID_MIN SYS_UID_MAX SYS_UID_MIN UID_MAX UID_MIN UMASK UNSAFE_SUB_GID_DETERMINISTIC_WRAP UNSAFE_SUB_UID_DETERMINISTIC_WRAP

userdel
    MAIL_DIR MAIL_FILE MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP USERDEL_CMD USERGROUPS_ENAB

usermod
    LASTLOG_UID_MAX MAIL_DIR MAIL_FILE MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP SUB_GID_COUNT SUB_GID_MAX SUB_GID_MIN SUB_GID_DETERMINISTIC SUB_UID_COUNT SUB_UID_MAX SUB_UID_MIN SUB_UID_DETERMINISTIC UNSAFE_SUB_GID_DETERMINISTIC_WRAP UNSAFE_SUB_UID_DETERMINISTIC_WRAP

СМОТРИТЕ ТАКЖЕ

login(1), passwd(1), su(1), passwd(5), shadow(5), pam(8).