This is gmp.info, produced by makeinfo version 6.7 from gmp.texi. This manual describes how to install and use the GNU multiple precision arithmetic library, version 6.2.1. Copyright 1991, 1993-2016, 2018-2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, with the Front-Cover Texts being "A GNU Manual", and with the Back-Cover Texts being "You have freedom to copy and modify this GNU Manual, like GNU software". A copy of the license is included in *note GNU Free Documentation License::. INFO-DIR-SECTION GNU libraries START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY * gmp: (gmp). GNU Multiple Precision Arithmetic Library. END-INFO-DIR-ENTRY  Indirect: gmp.info-1: 863 gmp.info-2: 303737  Tag Table: (Indirect) Node: Top863 Node: Copying2941 Node: Introduction to GMP5288 Node: Installing GMP8004 Node: Build Options8736 Node: ABI and ISA24445 Node: Notes for Package Builds34286 Node: Notes for Particular Systems37373 Node: Known Build Problems45124 Node: Performance optimization48656 Node: GMP Basics49785 Node: Headers and Libraries50433 Node: Nomenclature and Types51838 Node: Function Classes53834 Node: Variable Conventions55369 Node: Parameter Conventions57609 Node: Memory Management59416 Node: Reentrancy60544 Node: Useful Macros and Constants62412 Node: Compatibility with older versions63403 Node: Demonstration Programs64313 Node: Efficiency66172 Node: Debugging73778 Node: Profiling80553 Node: Autoconf84544 Node: Emacs86325 Node: Reporting Bugs86931 Node: Integer Functions89557 Node: Initializing Integers90333 Node: Assigning Integers92709 Node: Simultaneous Integer Init & Assign94320 Node: Converting Integers95967 Node: Integer Arithmetic98907 Node: Integer Division100643 Node: Integer Exponentiation107402 Node: Integer Roots108899 Node: Number Theoretic Functions110616 Node: Integer Comparisons118111 Node: Integer Logic and Bit Fiddling119549 Node: I/O of Integers122189 Node: Integer Random Numbers125180 Node: Integer Import and Export127803 Node: Miscellaneous Integer Functions131819 Node: Integer Special Functions133733 Node: Rational Number Functions137906 Node: Initializing Rationals139099 Node: Rational Conversions141572 Node: Rational Arithmetic143594 Node: Comparing Rationals145006 Node: Applying Integer Functions146477 Node: I/O of Rationals147996 Node: Floating-point Functions150355 Node: Initializing Floats153400 Node: Assigning Floats157492 Node: Simultaneous Float Init & Assign160080 Node: Converting Floats161630 Node: Float Arithmetic164895 Node: Float Comparison167048 Node: I/O of Floats168619 Node: Miscellaneous Float Functions171308 Node: Low-level Functions173310 Node: Random Number Functions207558 Node: Random State Initialization208626 Node: Random State Seeding211491 Node: Random State Miscellaneous212896 Node: Formatted Output213538 Node: Formatted Output Strings213783 Node: Formatted Output Functions219178 Node: C++ Formatted Output223242 Node: Formatted Input225942 Node: Formatted Input Strings226178 Node: Formatted Input Functions230838 Node: C++ Formatted Input233807 Node: C++ Class Interface235710 Node: C++ Interface General236661 Node: C++ Interface Integers239730 Node: C++ Interface Rationals243963 Node: C++ Interface Floats247987 Node: C++ Interface Random Numbers254004 Node: C++ Interface Limitations256404 Node: Custom Allocation259979 Node: Language Bindings264198 Node: Algorithms267511 Node: Multiplication Algorithms268211 Node: Basecase Multiplication269300 Node: Karatsuba Multiplication271208 Node: Toom 3-Way Multiplication274832 Node: Toom 4-Way Multiplication281251 Node: Higher degree Toom'n'half282630 Node: FFT Multiplication283922 Node: Other Multiplication289258 Node: Unbalanced Multiplication291732 Node: Division Algorithms292520 Node: Single Limb Division292899 Node: Basecase Division295787 Node: Divide and Conquer Division296990 Node: Block-Wise Barrett Division299058 Node: Exact Division299710 Node: Exact Remainder303737 Node: Small Quotient Division305987 Node: Greatest Common Divisor Algorithms307585 Node: Binary GCD307882 Node: Lehmer's Algorithm310732 Node: Subquadratic GCD312962 Node: Extended GCD315431 Node: Jacobi Symbol316749 Node: Powering Algorithms318658 Node: Normal Powering Algorithm318921 Node: Modular Powering Algorithm319449 Node: Root Extraction Algorithms320231 Node: Square Root Algorithm320546 Node: Nth Root Algorithm322687 Node: Perfect Square Algorithm323472 Node: Perfect Power Algorithm325559 Node: Radix Conversion Algorithms326180 Node: Binary to Radix326556 Node: Radix to Binary330177 Node: Other Algorithms332265 Node: Prime Testing Algorithm332617 Node: Factorial Algorithm333801 Node: Binomial Coefficients Algorithm336201 Node: Fibonacci Numbers Algorithm337095 Node: Lucas Numbers Algorithm339569 Node: Random Number Algorithms340290 Node: Assembly Coding342410 Node: Assembly Code Organisation343370 Node: Assembly Basics344337 Node: Assembly Carry Propagation345487 Node: Assembly Cache Handling347317 Node: Assembly Functional Units349478 Node: Assembly Floating Point351091 Node: Assembly SIMD Instructions354870 Node: Assembly Software Pipelining355852 Node: Assembly Loop Unrolling356915 Node: Assembly Writing Guide359130 Node: Internals361895 Node: Integer Internals362407 Node: Rational Internals364871 Node: Float Internals366109 Node: Raw Output Internals373509 Node: C++ Interface Internals374703 Node: Contributors378024 Node: References384255 Node: GNU Free Documentation License390174 Node: Concept Index415316 Node: Function Index463130  End Tag Table  Local Variables: coding: iso-8859-1 End: